Steganography
Digital Steganography
The practice of hiding secret data within ordinary files (images, audio) without visible change.
Technical Detail
Digital steganography embeds data in the least significant bits (LSB) of image pixels. Changing the LSB of each color channel alters pixel values by at most 1 — invisible to the human eye. An 8-megapixel image can hide ~3 MB of data using 1-bit LSB embedding. Detection (steganalysis) uses statistical methods: chi-square analysis reveals non-natural distribution patterns in LSB values. More sophisticated methods use DCT coefficients in JPEG or spread spectrum techniques that distribute data across multiple pixels.
Example
```javascript
// Steganography — Web Crypto API example
const data = new TextEncoder().encode('sensitive data');
const hash = await crypto.subtle.digest('SHA-256', data);
const hex = Array.from(new Uint8Array(hash))
.map(b => b.toString(16).padStart(2, '0')).join('');
```
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